RFID Technology by Comprehensive Introduction

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RFID Technology by Comprehensive Introduction

Apr 02, 2021

RFID Fundamental
RFID is the abbreviation of Radio Frequency Identification. It is often called inductive electronic chip or proximity card, proximity card, non-contact card, electronic label, electronic barcode, etc. RFID is an automatic identification technology, which uses radio frequency signals to achieve contactless (wireless) information transmission to achieve the purpose of automatically identifying target objects.

RFID technology can complete the collection and transmission of item information without manual intervention, and is known as one of the top ten important technologies in the 21st century.

Under normal circumstances, after the RFID electronic label enters the electromagnetic field emitted by the reader, the induced current obtained from the antenna is converted into the power supply of the chip after the booster circuit, and the energy obtained by the induced current is converted into digital through the RF front-end circuit The signal is sent to the logic control circuit for processing, and the information that needs to be replied is sent from the label memory, sent back to the RF front-end circuit via the logic control circuit, and finally sent back to the reader through the antenna

The basic components of the RFID system include RFID electronic labels, readers, and application software.

It is an automatic identification system that uses radio frequency identification technology for data collection and transmission.

· EPC (Electronic Product Code) is an electronic product code, which is a coding system. It is built on the basis of bar coding to realize the marking of single products.
· EPC coding system includes SGTIN, SGLN, SSCC, GRA, GIAI, etc.
· SGTIN includes SGTIN64, SGTIN96, SGTIN198, etc.

RFID Label Classification
According to the power supply method, RFID electronic labels can be divided into:

-Active RFID electronic labels (Active labels)
-Passive RFID electronic labels (Passive label)
-Semi-active RFID electronic labels (Semi Active label)

RFID Frequency Performance

RFID Label Advantages

	RFID	ETC	NFC	Barcode	QR Code
Concept	LF HF UHF Microwave	Electronic Toll Collection	It is a short-distance HF wireless communication technology, evolved from the integration of RFID and interconnection technology	A barcode is a graphic identifier that arranges multiple black bars and blanks of varying widths according to a certain coding rule to express a group of information.	The QR code is a multi-line, continuous, variable-length, symbolic sign containing a large amount of data
Application	Warehousing logistics file management personnel management asset management commodity inventory electronic fence animal management, etc.	Highway toll station parking lot toll	Mostly used for communication between consumer electronic devices, e-payment, identity verification, anti-counterfeiting.	Commodity traceability	Commodities electronic payment
Semantide	RFID Label/label	ETC Label	NFC Chip	Traditionally paper carrier, but also plastic, cloth, etc.	Paper/electronic QR code
Corollary Equipment	Label Antenna Reader Software	ETC electronic labels auto vehicle identification systems central management systems other auxiliary facilities	NFC Chip NFC Terminal Reader	Bar code label bar code generating equipment bar code reader & computer	QR Code Reader
Capacity	Max. to several MB	/	/	50 Bytes	2000 – 3000 characters
Requirement/Feature	Not restricted by the environment, can read more and blindly. Strong penetration Strong anti-interference ability	ETC system air transaction is about 200ms once, so the collection can be completed only when the vehicle speed is lower than 60km/h	Need to keep a distance of less than 10CM when acquiring data	Requires a certain degree of clarity, avoids breakage and stains. The area is too small and sometimes difficult to identify	It can be used in a small space, but there are still requirements for its print size
Working Mode	Non-contact two-way data communication through radio frequency	Special short-range communication between ETC electronic labels and microwave antennas in ETC lanes	Non-contact point-to-point data transmission	One-to-one close-range unobstructed scanning
Security Level	Information is stored in the chip, and the data content is protected by a password, which is not easy to be forged, stolen, and altered	The system security encryption algorithm is the DES algorithm, not the standard secret algorithm of pure national independent intellectual property rights	/	Not encrypted	/
Information Characteristics	The information of the chip can be rewritten repeatedly, and the use cycle is long	ETC does not recognize the identity of the vehicle and can only be used for charging	Can be read and encoding	Information cannot be changed after printing	/

Compared with other identification technologies, the advantages of RFID are summarized as follows:

> Without visual or manual intervention, it can automatically identify data in batches quickly;
> Longer recognition distance, more accurate and reliable data collection;
> Larger information storage capacity, up to several megabytes;
> The label can be rewritten repeatedly and has a long life cycle;
> Strong anti-interference ability, suitable for extreme harsh environment or high-speed movement;
> High security, data content is protected by password;
> Capable of penetrating communication.